STRESS, INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI KABUPATEN MALANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36053/mesencephalon.v3i1.36Abstract
Abstract : The elderly was the last human development phase causing change on all aspects of physical ,psychological , social and economic. The most problem of physical disorders in elderly was hypertension. Hypertension was condition that systole blood pressure higher than 140 mmHg relating to psychological stress .Other modification factor relating to hypertension prevalence was the body mass index .The purpose of this research knew the relation between stress and body mass index to hypertension prevalence. The method used analytic correlational with cross sectional design. Techniques sampling used purposive sampling included 81 respondents. Research instruments variable stress used quisioner modification of HARS. BMI and blood pressure was obtained through assessing directly. Statistical analysis used the correlation spearman .The result showed that stress elderly mostly in category moderate stress. Mean of score BMI is 23,53 that in nomal category ( 60,49 % ). Based on the bivariat statistic show there is significant relation between stress with hypertension ( r = 0,723 ) and there is significant correlation between BMI with hypertension ( r = 0,486 ) .The Nurse must do implementation stress management in elderly to lower the risk of a rise in blood pressure like techniques of relaxation progressive and nurse must give information to elderly to control weight to prevent increasing in BMI with the activity like doing sports and having good eating habit.
Keywords : stress , body mass index , hypertension
Abstrak : Lansia merupakan fase tahap tumbuh kembang terakhir manusia menyebabkan perubahan pada semua aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial dan ekonomi. Permasalahan gangguan fisik terbanyak lansia adalah hipertensi.Kejadian Hipertensi pada lansia dengan kondisi peningkatan tekanan darah sistol > 140 mmHg berkaitan dengan kondisi psikologis stress lansia. Faktor modifikasi lain yang berkaitan dengan kejadian hipertensi adalah indeks masa tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan stress dan IMT dengan kejadian hipertensi. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 81 responden. Instrumen penelitian variabel stress dengan menggunakan kuisioner modifikasi HARS. IMT dan tekanan darah didapatkan dengan melakukan pengukuran langsung kepada lansia. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji korelasi spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stress lansia sebagian besar dalam kategori stress sedang (53,53%), rata-rata score IMT sebesar 23,53 dengan kategori normal (60,49%). Berdasarkan uji bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan antara stress dengan kejadian hipertensi (r = 0,723) dan ada hubugan signifikan IMT dengan hipertensi (r = 0,486). Untuk itu perlu melakukan manajemen stress lansia untuk menurunkan resiko peningkatan tekanan darah seperti teknik relaksasi progresif serta pengontrolan berat badan lansia untuk mencegah peningkatan IMT dengan aktivitas olah raga dan pola makan yang baik.
Kata kunci : stress, indeks masa tubuh, kejadian hipertensi
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