PENGARUH TERAPI SUPPORTIF KELOMPOK TERHADAP KETERBUKAAN DIRI ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS DI KECAMATAN TUREN KABUPATEN MALANG
Abstract
PLWHA (People Living with HIV / AIDS) have a feeling of being afraid of being stigmatized and discriminatory treatment related to their illness so that they tend to hide their status from others (non self disclosure), and trigger mental emotional disorders. Factors that are very influential on Self Disclosure of PLWHA are social support, then Group Supportive Therapy can be applied as a solution to this problem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Supportive Group Therapy on PLWHA self disclosure in area of Turen Health Center in Malang Regency. The design of this study was Quasi experimental a pretest-posttest approach with control group. Involving 24 PLWHA in Turen District Malang Regency as a treatment group and PLWHA in Kepanjen District as a control group. The treatment group was given supportive therapy covering 4 sessions. Measurement of self-disclosure PLWHA by using the instrument Revised Self Disclosure Scale (RSDS). The results of this study showed that in both groups treatment and control groups there were significant differences in the value of self-disclosure before and after the treatments were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. In the treatment group, p value = 0.001 (<0.05) and in the control group p value = 0.014 (<0.05). The results of the analysis of differences in self disclosure before and after treatment between the treatment group and the control group used Mann Whitney test showed that the results were p = 0.001 (<0.05). This can be interpreted that there were a significant effect of the application of supportive group therapy on Self Disclosure. Supportive group therapy was an effective for increasing self-disclosure of PLWHA so that the risk of mental emotional disorders can be minimized.
Keywords : Self Disclosure, Group Supportive Therapy, PLWHA
Abstrak : ODHA(Orang dengan penyakit HIV/AIDS) memiliki perasaan takut mendapat stigma dan perlakuan diskriminatif terkait penyakitnya sehingga cenderung menyembunyikan statusnya dari orang lain,sehingga dapat memicu munculnya gangguan mental emosional. Faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap keterbukaan diri ODHA yaitu dukungan sosial, maka Terapi Supportif Kelompok dapat diaplikasikan sebagai solusi dari permasalahan ini.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh Terapi Supportif Kelompok terhadap keterbukaan diri ODHA di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasi eksperimental dengan pendekatan pretest–posttest with control group. Melibatkan 24 ODHA di Kecamatan Turen Kabupaten Malang sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan 20 ODHA di Kecamatan Kepanjen sebagai kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberi terapi supportif meliputi 4 sesi. Pengukuran keterbukaan diri ODHAdengan menggunakan instrument Revised Self Disclosre Scale (RSDS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan baik di kelompok perlakuan maupun kontrol terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dari nilai keterbukaan diri sebelum dan setelah diberikan perlakuan yang dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Pada kelompok perlakuan didapatkan nilai p=0,001 (<0,05) dan pada kelompok kontrol didapatkan nilai p=0,014 (<0,05). Meskipun keduanya sama-sama mengalami kenaikan, namun selisih pada nilai kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan nilai yang lebih besar dari kelompok kontrol. Dibuktikan dengan uji analisis uji Mann Whitney didapatkan hasil yaitu p=0,001 (<0,05). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penerapan terapi supportif kelompok efektif dalam meningkatkan keterbukaan diri ODHA sehingga risiko gangguan mental emosional dapat diminimalkan.
Kata kunci : Keterbukaan diri, Terapi Supportif Kelompok, ODHA
Full Text:
PDF (Hlm 69 - 75)References
Bello, S.I. & Bello, I.K. (2013). Quality of Life of HIV/AIDS patients in a secondary health care facility, Ilorin, Nigeria. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 26 (2)
Bird, J.D.P., and Voisin, D.R. (2013). “You’re an open target to be abused”: A qualitative study of stigma and HIV self-disclosure among black men who have sex with men. American Journal of Public Health. 103(12): 2193-2199. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301437.
Chaudoir, S.R., and Fisher, J.D. (2010). The disclosure processes model: Understanding disclosure decision- making and post-disclosure outcomes among people living with a concealable stigmatized identity. Psychol Bull. 136(2): 236-256. doi:10.1037/a0018193.
Deribe, Kebede, Woldemichael Kifle, Njau Bernard, & Yakob Bereket. (2009). Gender Diffference in HIV Status Disclosure Among HIV Positive Service Users. East African Journal of Public Health. Vol.6 (3).
Hailu G Etsay, Mitiku R Mebratu, Nasir Zebiba, & Zedwu Fisseha. (2017) Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among People Living with HIV/AIDS at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Hindawi Psychiatry Journal.vol.2017,https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2301524
Hernawaty,T.,Keliat,B.A.,Hastono,S.P.,danHelena,N.CD.(2009):Pengaruh Terapi Supportif Keluarga Terhadap Kemampuan Keluarga Merawat Klien Gangguan Jiwa di Kelurahan Bubulak Bogor Barat.
Kemenkes RI, (2014). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta : Kementrian Kesehatan Indonesia
Kumalasari, Galuh. (2019). Hubungan Social Self Disclosure dengan Gangguan Mental Emosional Pada Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS di Kecamatan Turen Kabupaten Malang. CHMK Nursing Scientific Journal, Vol.3(1):46-52
Kumalasari, Galuh. (2018). The Effect of Stigma and Social Support on The Self Disclosure Of People Living With HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) Toward Health Workers in Malang Regency Indonesia. World Journal Of Advance Health Care Research. Vol.2(4):102-105
Niu L, Luo D, Liu Y, Silenzio,VMB, Xiao S. (2016). The Mental Health of People Living with HIV in China, 1998-2014: A Systematic Review. PLoS ONE, 11(4):e0153489. doi:10.1371
Nostlinger, Christiana., Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka, Jozefien Buyze, Jasna Loos & Anne Buvé (2015) Factors influencing social self-disclosure among adolescents living with HIV in Eastern Africa, AIDS Care, vol 27 No 1, 36-46, doi: 10.1080/09540121.2015.1051501
Ogbozor, Edith Nkechinyere. (2016). HIV-Positif Status Disclosure Barriers in Stable Heterosexual Partners in Warri, Nigeria. Doctoral Dissertation. Walden University.
Pichon Latrice, Rossi Kristen R., Ogg Siri A., Krull Lisa J., & Griffin Dorcas Young. (2015). Social Support, Stigma and Disclosure : Examining the Relationship with HIV Medication Adherence among Ryan White Program Clients in the Mid-South USA. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Vol12.doi:10..3390/ijerph120607073
Stutterheim, S. E., Sicking, L., Brands, R., Baas, I., Roberts, H., van Brakel, W. H., and Bos, A. E. R. (2014). Patient and provider perspectives on HIV and HIV- related stigma in Dutch health care settings. AIDS Patient Care and STDs.28(12):652-665.doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0226.
Suriana, Atik., Dewi, D.S.E., (2013). Penelitian Tentang Self Disclosure Pasien ODHA RSUD Banyumas. Psycho Idea, 11(1).
Taylor, S. E. (2009). Health Psychology. Seventh Edition. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36053/mesencephalon.v6i1.209
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.